HAYA BEN YOSEF - HAYA KRITORO
HOLOCAUST PROJECT KATZENELSON HIGH SCHOOL ISRAEL
MAIL: nir5daniel@gmail.com , isbigal@gmail.com
First Name: Haya
Last Name: Ben Yosef
Foreign last name: Kritoro
Father: Simcu (Shimha)
Mother: Feyga (Zipora)
SAVENI
In 1934 there were 1764 Jews in Săveni.
Romania was one of Germany ally's.
On
the 8th of November, 1941- the Jews from Saveni and Mihaileni were evacuated by
the Nazis to Transnistria.
Transnistria is an artificial geographic term, created in
World War II, referring to the part of the Ukraine conquered by German and
Romanian troops in the summer of 1941. Before the war, this area had a Jewish
population of 300,000. Tens of thousands of them were slaughtered by
Einsatzgruppe D, and by German and Romanian forces. When Transnistria was
occupied, it was used for the concentration of the Jews of Bessarabia,
Bukovina, and northern Moldavia who were expelled on the direct order of Ion
Antonescu. The deportations began on September 15, 1941, and continued, until
the fall of 1942. Most of the Jews who survived the mass killings carried out in
Bessarabia and Bukovina were deported to Transnistria by the end of 1941.
deported Also to
Transnistria were political
prisoners and Jews who had
evaded the existing regulations on forced labor. The total number of deportees
was apparently 150,000, although German sources put the figure at 185,000. On
October 13, 1942, the Romanians called a halt to the deportations to
Transnistria.
The ghettos and camps in the region were in the hands
of the gendarmerie and the Romanian administrative authorities. In late
November 1941 most of the Jews from Bessarabia and Bukovina were gathered into
ghettos and camps in northern and central Transnistria. Following the Antonescu
- ordered slaughter of the Jews of Odessa, the Romanian occupation authorities
deporte
d the
survivors to camps in the Golta district: 54,000 to the Bogdanovka camp, 18,000
to the Akhmetchetka camp, and 8,000 to the Domanevka camp. In Bogdanovka all
the Jews were shot to death, with the Romanian gendarmerie, the Ukrainian
police, and Sonderkommando R, made up of Volksdeutsche, taking part. In January
and February 1942, 12,000 Ukrainian Jews were murdered in the two other camps.
Another 28,000 Jews, mostly from the Ukraine, were killed by the SS and German
police, with the help of local Germans in southern Transnistria. By March 1943
no more than 485 Ukrainian Jews were left in all of southern Transnistria. A
total of 185,000 Ukrainian Jews were murdered by Romanian and German army units.
Haya Ben Yosef INTERVIEW
(Listed from the oldest to the youngest) Zvi , Ester, Shoshana, Aharon , the twins Ishahayahu and Cherna, Haya and Avraham.Her father's name was Simcu, whose occupation was a horse's carts maker. Her mother's name was Feyga and she was a seamstress and a housewife. Her family was traditional and they celebrated the Jewish holidays.In 1941, they were expelled from their town to Dorohoi Those who had relatives were located at their houses and the rest were located at the synagogue.Her family lived at her mother's aunt house.
The ship got caught by British soldiers, who sent them to Cyprus. Three months later, they immigrated to Israel. Haya's mother was very sorry for sending her children to Israel and was very sad. The moment the gates to Israel opened, Haya, her mother and the rest of her close family immigrate to Israel too in a ship called
Transnistria. First, they were sent to "Shaar
Aliya". From there they were divided to the places they chose. They asked
to move to Even Jehuda, but there wasn't enough room. So they send to Pardes
Hana. Haya lived there for a while and then moved to kibbutz
"Merhavya". At that time, the rest of the family lived in Even
Yehuda. In the kibbutz she learned Hebrew, her job in the kibbutz was to
appoint people to suitable jobs . She was at the culture committee
and dancing groups. After she felt secure with the life in Israel and talked
Hebrew well, she moved to Even Yehuda.
Haya
applied to work as a cashier in a supermarket thanks to her language skills.
Her family lived in a tent. Their only furniture was a box and a closet. They
turned a few boxes into tables and received iron beds. 1951 was a hard year to
manage. There was a hard winter which included very powerful winds; many tents
flew with the wind except theirs. After two years they saved enough money to buy
one room apartment.
Isaac was born in 1930 in Dorohoi. His parents' names were
Rosa and Ze'ev. Isaac had 5 other brothers and sisters (from the oldest to the
youngest) lea, Hana , Sali , Isaac , Pnina and the smallest Menahem. His
father was a merchant. Isaac liked to go with his dad to trade and from that,
he learned a lot about trading. During the Holocaust, his family was sent
to
Transnistria, where both of his parents died. At the end of
the war, when they came back to their town, their uncles had been waiting for
them with two loafs of bread and rages. After living with him for a while, her
uncle saw he couldn’t feed all the 6 children, so he sent all of them beside
Isaac to an orphanage. His
knowledge in trading helped him get food for his brothers and after that, he
start trading with his uncle. Most of the people in the area knew his father
and that fact made the trading easier. Isaac lived with his uncle until he made
"Aliya" to Israel. In Israel he started working as a farmer in Even Yehuda.
Isaac was one of Haya's brother's friends. Haya and Isaac met and after a
couple of years got married. They lived in "Even Yehuda". First
they lived in one room apartment with a chicken coop in their garden. Isaac
continued working as a farmer and Haya as a cashier. But when their first son
Ze'ev was born they named him after Isaac's father. Haya stopped working
. After that Gili was born and then Zipora who was named after Haya's mother.
Now Haya has 8 grandchildren.The sons of Ze'ev – Yaron, Ido and Ori
The son of Gili- Tomer and the daughter – Noa And Zipora's sons –
Amit , gal and roni